Ezisetshenziswayo ezingokoqobo, iziguquli zefrikhwensi ngokuvamile zidinga ukuhlonyiswa ngezinsimbi eziphendula amandla, izihlungi, izinqanda amabhuleki namayunithi amabhuleki ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kokusebenza kwazo, kunwebe ukuphila kwezinto zokusebenza, futhi kugwenywe ngempumelelo imithelela engemihle kugridi yamandla namathuluzi. Okulandelayo yimisebenzi yengxenye ngayinye nezizathu zayo:

1. Ama-reactors
Ama-reactor ngokuvamile ayengezwa kokokufaka noma okukhiphayo kwesiguquli sefrikhwensi. Imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko yilezi:

Yehlisa i-harmonics kanye nokuguquguquka kwamanje: iziguquli zemvamisa zizokhiqiza ama-harmonics, ikakhulukazi ama-harmonics aphansi (njengama-harmonics wesi-5 no-7). Lawa ma-harmonics azodala ukushintshashintsha kwamanje, athinte ukusebenza kwezimoto futhi akhulise umthwalo kugridi yamandla. Ama-reactor angacindezela ngempumelelo lawa ma-harmonics futhi anciphise umthelela kugridi yamandla nezinye izinto zokusebenza.

Ukushintshashintsha kwamanje okushelelayo: ama-reactor anganciphisa umthelela we-frequency converter switch frequency on the current, enze i-waveform yamanje ibe bushelelezi, futhi asize ekwehliseni ukuhambisana kwamanje kwegridi yamandla.

Nciphisa i-overvoltage kanye ne-overcurrent: ama-reactor angakhawulela ukwenzeka kwe-overvoltage noma i-overcurrent kwezinye izimo, avikele ama-converter ama-frequency namamotho ekulimaleni.

Izizathu zokufakwa: vikela amathuluzi, wehlise umthelela we-harmonics kugridi yamandla nezinto zokusebenza zikagesi, futhi ugweme ukushintshashintsha kwamaza aphezulu kanye nezinkinga ezidlulele.

2. Izihlungi
Izihlungi zivame ukusetshenziswa ekugcineni kokuphumayo kwe-inverter. Imisebenzi yabo yilena:

Qeda ama-harmonics we-high-frequency switching: Umsindo wokushintshwa kwe-high-frequency owenziwe yi-inverter ungase uphazamise injini nezinye izinto zikagesi. Isihlungi singathuthukisa ukuzinza kwesistimu ngokuhlunga umsindo we-high-frequency.

Thuthukisa indawo yokusebenza yemoto: Isihlungi singasusa umthelela wama-harmonics we-high-frequency ku-motor, sigweme izinkinga ezinjengokushisa ngokweqile, ukudlidliza, nomsindo wemoto, futhi sithuthukise ukuqina kokusebenza kwemoto.

Ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI): Isihlungi singanciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kazibuthe, siqinisekise ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC), futhi sigweme ukuthikameza ukusebenza okuvamile kwezinye izinto zikagesi.

Izizathu zokufakwa: Yehlisa ukuphazanyiswa kwe-high-frequency kanye nama-harmonics, uthuthukise indawo kagesi yesistimu, futhi uvikele injini nezinye izinto zokusebenza ekuphazamisekeni.

3. I-Braking Resistor
Ama-resistors ama-braking ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana namayunithi amabhuleki. Imisebenzi yabo eyinhloko yilezi:

Absorb regenerative energy: Lapho injini eshayelwa inverter ima, inertia ejikelezayo yemoto izoguqula amandla e-kinetic abe amandla kagesi futhi iwabuyisele ku-inverter. Uma zingekho izinyathelo ezithathwayo, amandla amaningi okuvuselela angabangela i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC ukuthi ibe phezulu kakhulu futhi kulimaze inverter. I-resistor yokubhuleka ingakwazi ukumunca la mandla adlulele futhi iwaguqule abe amandla okushisa, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC ukuthi ibe phezulu kakhulu.
Thuthukisa umphumela wokubhuleka: Ezinhlelweni ze-motor drive enesivinini esikhulu, isixhasi sokubhuleka singasiza ngempumelelo injini ukuthi yehlise isivinini ngokushesha futhi ivimbele injini ukuthi ingakhiqizi i-current ephezulu kakhulu ngenxa ye-inertia lapho ima.
Isizathu sokufakwa: Gcoba amandla okuvuselela enjini ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile kwe-inverter kanye nenjini, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinokuqala/ukuma njalo.

4. Iyunithi yokubhuleka
Iyunithi yokubhuleka isetshenziswa ngokubambisana ne-resistor yokubhuleka. Ikakhulukazi inesibopho sokulawula nokulungisa umsebenzi we-resistor braking:

Lawula i-voltage yebhasi ye-DC: Lapho inverter isebenza, inertia yemoto ingase inikeze amandla amaningi kakhulu ibuyele ebhasini le-DC, okubangele ukuthi i-voltage yebhasi inyuke. Umsebenzi weyunithi yokubhuleka ukuqapha amandla kagesi webhasi le-DC. Uma i-voltage iphezulu kakhulu, iqalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isixhasi sokubhuleka ukuthi simunce amandla engeziwe ukuze ivimbele i-voltage yebhasi ukuthi idlule izinga.
Nikeza amabhuleki asheshayo: Iyunithi yokubhuleka kanye ne-resistor zisebenza ndawonye ukuze isiguquli sisebenzise ngokushesha amandla engeziwe lapho injini ima noma ihlehlisa ibhuleki, inciphisa isikhathi sokuma kwemoto, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu yokulawula.
Izizathu zokufakwa: Lawula ukubuyela emuva kwamandla avuselelayo, vikela inverter ku-voltage eyeqile, futhi uqinisekise ukubhuleka kwemoto okusheshayo nokuphephile.

Isifinyezo
Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela kwe-inverter, ukufakwa kwama-reactors, izihlungi, ama-resistors amabhuleki namayunithi amabhuleki angakwazi:
Cindezela ngempumelelo ama-harmonics, wehlise ukugxambukela kwe-electromagnetic, futhi uqinisekise ukuzinza kwemishini namagridi kagesi.
Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nempilo yokusebenza kwemoto, futhi unciphise izinkinga ezinjengokushisa ngokweqile kwemoto, umsindo, nokudlidliza okubangelwa umsindo wefrikhwensi ephezulu.
Cacisa amandla okuvuselela enjini, vimbela i-voltage yebhasi ye-inverter DC ukuthi ibe phezulu kakhulu, futhi uqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile nokuzinzile kohlelo.
Ngakho-ke, ukucushwa okunengqondo kwalezi zingxenye kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-inverter, kuthuthukise ukuphepha kwesistimu, futhi kwandise impilo yesevisi yemishini.
Uma usebenzisa i-variable frequency drive (VFD), akuzona zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukufakwa kwama-reactors, izihlungi, izihlungi zamabhuleki, namayunithi amabhuleki. Ukuthi lezi zingxenye zidinga ukufakwa kuncike endaweni ethile yohlelo lokusebenza, izidingo zesistimu, nezimo zokusebenza zemishini. Nazi izizathu ezivamile nezimo zokwengeza lezi zingxenye:

1. Izimo lapho kudingeka khona ama-reactor
Ukungcoliswa kwe-harmonic yegridi ephezulu: Uma isiguquli sisetshenziswa endaweni lapho izimo zokunikezwa kwamandla egridi zingazinzile noma igridi inokungcoliswa okunamandla kwe-harmonic, i-reactor ingasiza ekunciphiseni i-harmonics ekhiqizwa i-inverter switch frequency ukuze igweme ukubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kugridi.
Amandla e-inverter aphezulu: Ekusetshenzisweni kweziguquli zamandla aphezulu, ikakhulukazi ama-inverter angaphezu kuka-50kW, ama-reactors anganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuguquguquka kwamanje futhi anciphise umthelela kugridi namathuluzi.
Ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi wegridi enkulu: Ama-reactor angacindezela ukuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi wegridi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwesiguquli, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho ugesi wegridi ungazinzile noma untekenteke.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile: ama-inverter anemithwalo enamandla amakhulu njengezitshalo zamandla, imishini esindayo, nezimayini; Kudingeka izindawo eziqinile zegridi yezimboni.

2. Izimo lapho izihlungi zidingeka khona
Izinkinga zomsindo wemvamisa ephezulu kumadrayivu ezimoto: Umsindo oshintshashintshayo wemvamisa ephezulu okhiqizwe isiguquli ungadala ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI) emotweni nasezisetshenziswa zikagesi ezizungezile. Uma ngabe uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ludinga ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kazibuthe, noma uma okokusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi okubucayi (njengama-PLC, izinzwa, njll.) kusebenza eduze, izihlungi zidingeka kakhulu.
Ukuthobelana nezidingo zokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic (EMC): Uma okokusebenza kudinga ukuhlangabezana namazinga aqinile e-EMC, isihlungi singanciphisa ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kwemisebe ka-electromagnetic kanye nokuqhutshwa kwe-electromagnetic ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi okokusebenza kuhlangabezana namazinga okuhambisana kuzwelonke noma kwamanye amazwe.
Thuthukisa ukusebenza kwemoto: Uma i-inverter ishayela injini futhi kunezinkinga ezinjengokushisa kwemoto, ukwanda komsindo noma ukudlidliza, isihlungi singanciphisa umthelela obangelwa ama-harmonics we-high-frequency.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile: Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezidingo eziqinile ekuphazamiseni kazibuthe kagesi, njengokukhiqiza okunemba okuphezulu, okokusebenza kwaselabhorethri, okokusebenza kokuxhumana, okokusebenza kwezokwelapha, njll.

3. Izimo lapho kudingeka khona izinsimbi zamabhuleki
Izidingo ezivamile zokuqalisa/ukuma noma zokubhuleka: Ezimeni lapho kudingeka khona ukuqala nokuma njalo, amandla okuvuselela akhiqizwa injini ngenxa ye-inertia angabangela ugesi webhasi le-DC ukuthi ukhuphuke kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-resistor ye-brake iyadingeka ukuze kuthathwe le ngxenye yamandla ukuvimbela i-voltage ukuthi idlule izinga futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-inverter.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomthwalo omkhulu ezisebenza isikhathi eside: Uma umthwalo wemoto mkhulu futhi usebenza isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi lapho injini yehla noma ima, ingase ikhiqize amandla amakhulu ahlehlayo. I-resistor ye-brake ingavimbela injini ekukhiqizeni i-voltage ngokweqile ngenxa ye-inertia.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuvala shaqa ngokushesha noma ukwehliswa ukushesha kokulayisha: Isibonelo, ezinhlelweni ezifana nezithuthi zamabhande namakheshi adinga ukuvala shaqa ngokushesha, izimelaphi zamabhuleki zingasheshisa ukwehla kwemoto futhi zifinyeze isikhathi sokuma.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile: okhreni, amabhande okuthutha, imishini yendwangu, amakheshi, amafeni namaphampu aqala futhi ame ngokushesha, njll.
4. Izimo lapho kudingeka khona amabhuleki
Izikhathi lapho amandla okuvuselela kabusha adinga ukulawulwa: Lapho injini idinga ukusetshenziswa esimweni sokuma ngokushesha noma ukuhlehla amabhuleki, amandla kagesi ebhasi le-DC angase abe phezulu kakhulu. Iyunithi yebhuleki ingaqapha futhi ilawule le-voltage ukuze iqinisekise ukuthi ayidali monakalo ku-inverter.
Amandla okuvuselela afunzwa injini makhulu: Kuma-inverter anamandla amakhulu, ikakhulukazi emithwalweni emikhulu ye-inertia efana namafeni, amaphampu, imishini esindayo, njll., amandla okuvuselela akhiqizwa yi-motor inertia makhulu. Iyunithi yebhuleki isetshenziswa kanye ne-resistor yebhuleki ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amandla avuselelayo amuncwa ngokuphumelelayo futhi agweme ukwehluleka okubangelwa amandla kagesi amaningi.
Isebenza ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu nezimo eziguqukayo eziphezulu: Ngokwesibonelo, ezimeni lapho kudingeka khona izinguquko ezivamile zesivinini (njengamakheshi nama-cranes), iyunithi yamabhuleki ingasiza ukusebenzisa ngokushesha amandla empendulo futhi ivikele isiguquli kanye nenjini.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile: amasistimu okushayela okuphendula ashukumisayo aphezulu, njengamakheshi, okhrane, abahambisa amabhande, imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo, njll.

Isifinyezo:
Lezi zingxenye ngokuvamile ziyadingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:

Uma ikhwalithi yegridi impofu, ama-harmonics amakhulu, noma ukushintshashintsha kwamandla kagesi kukhulu, faka i-reactor ukuze uvikele i-inverter kanye negridi.

Uma kunezidingo eziqinile zokuphazanyiswa kuka-electromagnetic (EMI) noma ukushelela kokusebenza kwemoto kudinga ukuthuthukiswa, faka isihlungi.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinokuqala/ukuma okuvamisile noma ukwehliswa ngokushesha, kuyadingeka ukuthi kufakwe i-resistor yebhuleki kanye neyunithi yebhuleki ukuze usize ukulawula amandla okuvuselela impendulo nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphephile kwe-inverter nenjini.
Ukuthi lezi zingxenye zidinga ukufakwa kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zesistimu, uhlobo lomthwalo, nendawo yokusebenza. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamandla amakhulu, ukuqala/ukuma okuvamile, noma izidingo eziqinile zendawo kagesi, lezi zingxenye ezengeziwe zivame ukucatshangelwa.